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- C1 Advanced Writing (CAE): writing structure
- Advanced C1 Writing (CAE): Writing Guide
- Advanced C1 Writing (CAE): Sample Answers
- C1 Advanced Writing (CAE): Writing Topics
- Advanced C1 Writing (CAE): Tips
- C1 Advanced Writing (CAE): Qualification Criteria
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writing an essayIt is the first part of the Cambridge C1 Advanced (CAE) exam and is compulsory.
You need to answer the question with between220-260words. In the text, you need to analyze an issue from different points of view. It is asemi-formal/formaltext and must be unbiased in conclusion.
What the examiner wants to see is abalanced argumentthat's bothInterestingyeasy file.
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Advanced C1 Writing (CAE):writing structure
| 1. Introduction Introduce and develop the essay question in your introduction. |
| 2. Main Content: Paragraphs 1-2 Describe the first point/argument of the notes (the most important one) Describe the second point/argument from the notes. |
| 3. Paragraph 3 (optional) Explain the endpoint and links to others. |
| 4. Conclusion A summary of what you said. |
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Advanced C1 Writing (CAE):writing guide
Here's a simplehow to write a perfect essay.
If you have two main points to make, you can give your essay a clear structure by breaking it into four paragraphs.
1. Introduction
The first paragraph of an essay provides the introduction. State what is to be discussed and why. Its main points are briefly presented. This paragraph doesn't have to be long.
Introduction: We often hear about the many health and fitness benefits. Less often, however, do we hear concrete suggestions on how to improve participation rates, particularly among young people. In this essay I will discusstwo possible actionsthat governments can focusto promote health and fitness among today's youth.(The main points are presented briefly.)
TIP 1:Pay attention to the style and subscribe!
One of the most common mistakes made by inexperienced writers is usingvery personal languagewriting an essay.
Me, Myself & I
Me, Myself & IEveryone likes to talk about themselves, but when (for example) you write about environmental issues, you should talk about the environment andnoabout yourself.
YOU
the way of the wordyouused not informal speech'You should have seen this!' 'If you know what I mean'it is not appropriate in formal writing. At best, it sounds chatty and informal; at worst, disrespectful or even offensive. Wordpoints the finger at the reader.But readers are not your friends and you have no right to make assumptions about them.
2. Main Content: Paragraphs 1-2
Paragraph 1
In this paragraph, more background information is provided in more detail. You first,often expands on the strongest main pointfor the. Present and refute any arguments against your point of view.
Paragraph 1: The first possible actionis to improve the teaching of physical education in schools. Local students sometimes complain that... (Describe the first point/argument from the notes)
Paragraph 2
The second paragraph provides your second key point and weaves it into the topic of your essay. Again, bring opposing points of view and support your second key point with information and background.
Paragraph 2:A second option would betrying to change the overly competitive attitudes that seem ingrained in many sports...(Describe the second point/argument from the notes)
Tip 2:Remember about "link"at the trial!
Between paragraphs:
To begin,I would like to present […]
The first possible action is,to improve physical education...[...]
A second option would be… competitive attitudes that […]
Within a paragraph:
[...] which activity is better than others.another reasonfor not funding the sport [...]
3. Paragraph 3 (optional)
this is optionaland can be linked to the second paragraph. Explain the endpoint and links to others.
4. Conclusion
The final paragraph is used tosummarize or concludeyour essay. Show how the two main points you presented compare or relate to each other. It also clearly restates your initial position from the introductory paragraph.
Conclusion:In short, either approach would be a step in the right direction.In my opinion, it would be wise to prioritize reducing competition first because I think it would help young people feel better about the sports they already play. Then they could, in turn, influence their friends to join.
For and against or just one side?
There are two approaches you can choose towrite your essay professionally.
for and against
This is the traditional approach where a writer discusses points for and against his position. This usually means that one point will be used to check the overall position. There are advantages to this method. First, applicants are generally more familiar with it and find it easier to write. Second, it gives them more space to use a wider range of linking language.
one side only
Writing an essay like this means that all items will be included as if they were part of a list and requires language like first, addition, etc. Usually, a writer supports the idea. As mentioned above, it might limit some languages people might want to use, but it might be fine for some.
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Advanced C1 Writing (CAE):sample answers
Subject:
Her class participated in a panel discussion about facilities that should receive money from local authorities. You made the following notes:
Which facilities should receive money from local authorities?
- museums
- sports centers
- public gardens
Some opinions expressed in the discussion:
- “Museums are not popular with everyone!”
- "Sports centers mean healthier people."
- "A city needs green spaces: parks are great for everyone."
Write an essay discussing two of the installations in your notes. You should explain which facility is most important for local authorities to donate money to, giving reasons to support your response.
Student CAE Essay Response:
[Introduction]
In connection with a recent discussion about the facility, which is funded by local authorities, I would like to write down some of my personal thoughts. Whether it's sports centers or public gardens, there's no doubt that both are a good presence in the city and both should be supported in some way. The only question then is which one is more important, what are the pros and cons of each?
[first body paragraph]
I'll start with the sports centers, because I think they are a little more problematic. Obviously, in our times, when many people spend days sitting in their offices looking at a computer, some form of physical training is very important. We have to balance this change in our lifestyles. The problem I see in supporting sports centers is the amount of activities you can do these days. There is an almost innumerable list of individual and team sports that come to mind, and each center is usually designed for a specific type or at least a group of sports of a similar nature. So I think it's very difficult to support them equally and we also can't say which activity is better than the others. Another reason for not funding sports as much as green parks is their commercial use. What I mean by that is that we usually pay whatever the center offers us to do, and so they are better able to last on their own money than the gardens are.
[second body paragraph]
As for green spaces, I think the situation is much clearer. Every city needs gardens where people can sit and relax, but no one is going to pay tax just to walk.
[Conclusion[]
These factors lead me to conclude that public gardens are definitely equipment that must be financed with public money, while in the case of sports centers the situation is questionable.
Subject:
Her class participated in a panel discussion on measures governments can take to promote health and fitness among young people. You made the notes below.
Action to promote health and fitness among young people
- improve teaching in schools.
- improves attitudes towards competitiveness.
- improve the image of the sport.
Some opinions expressed during the discussion
- "There needs to be specialized sports teachers for children and students of all ages."
- "Some young people get discouraged by the pressure of competing."
- "Many young people don't think it's good to play sports."
Write an essay for your tutor, discussing two of the actions in your notes. You must explain which action you consider most important, justifying your opinion.
Student CAE Essay Response:
[Introduction]
We often hear about the many health and fitness benefits. Less often, however, do we hear concrete suggestions on how to improve participation rates, particularly among young people. In this essay, I will discuss two possible actions governments could focus on to promote health and fitness among today's youth.
[first body paragraph]
The first possible action is to improve the teaching of physical education in schools. Local students sometimes complain that the curriculum is rigid and emphasizes repetitive activities over team sports and fun. Better role models and more adventurous choices can lead to better attitudes and participation. Of course, hiring specialized sports teachers would come at a considerable cost.
[second body paragraph]
A second option would be to try to change the overly competitive attitudes that seem to be ingrained in many youth sports competitions. When adults, such as parents and teachers, focus on winning instead of having fun, they put undue pressure on participants. They may have a sense of failure if they lose, and they may also feel less inclined to try a new sport.
[Conclusion]
In short, either approach would be a step in the right direction. In my opinion, it would be wise to prioritize reducing competition first because I think it would help young people feel better about the sports they already play. Then they could, in turn, influence their friends to join.
Advanced C1 Writing (CAE):writing topics
In class you had a debate about inequality and work. You made the following notes:
Do the privileged few have an advantage in life?
- Stability at home.
- contacts and job opportunities
- It's time to hone your skills
Write an essay discussing two of the points made and explain the reasons behind your answer.
Recently, it held a debate in university plenary on reconciling professional and family life. You made the following notes:
Work is the mainstay of society, yet it is obvious that people need to disconnect. Where is the balance?
- fulfilling your potential
- Support family members
- Using time productively
Write an essay using two of the points and say what might be the most effective way to achieve a healthy work-life balance.
You discussed in the classroom about young people and their future job prospects. You made the following notes:
What could be the most effective strategy for preparing young people for work?
- Internships in companies
- workshops in schools
- Establishing links with local businesses.
Write an essay discussing two of the points and say which one should be implemented in the national curriculum.
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Advanced C1 Writing (CAE):tips
- ANSWER THE QUESTION.
- PLAN your essay.
- REVISE your essay to correct errors.
- The final paragraph is the best place to express your opinion clearly.
- Add quotes, statistics, facts. examples and other relevant data to support your points.
- The tone and register can be formal or semi-formal, depending on how you approach the subject. If your essay is written in a formal register, only include informal expressions when using a direct quote to support your argument.
- Punctuation is important in essays and can be a powerful tool for making subtle or emphatic points. Short sentences create an elegant style but become irritating if overused, long sentences require careful use of commas, semicolons and a desire for flow and rhythm.
ANSWER THE QUESTION.Advanced C1 Writing (CAE):marking criteria
| Language A wide range of structures and appropriate grammatical elements should be used in sentences that are not overly simple. Longer sentences with more than one clause must be well controlled and have a completely clear meaning. Vocabulary related to the subject area must be used accurately and a high level of vocabulary must also be demonstrated to make and support points about the subject. | Communication The essay should be neutral or formal rather than informal or colloquial. since it is a serious academic work. The reader must clearly understand all the points raised about the two aspects, as well as the writer's reasons for selecting one of them as the most important. |
| Organization The essay should be properly divided into paragraphs, perhaps with separate paragraphs for each of the two aspects. You can include a short introductory paragraph and/or a short concluding paragraph, but neither is essential. Sentences and paragraphs should be linked with appropriate linking words and phrases. | Satisfied The essay must discuss two of the three aspects listed in the question and indicate which one the writer considers most important, justifying this choice. If discussion feedback is used, it should be rephrased as much as possible, not simply copied. |
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Sample documents, online practice tests, and tips.
Advanced C1 Writing (CAE):Useful phrases, words and expressions
We'll finish with useful advanced vocabulary (words to use in an essay) used primarily for organizing information. although it istaking a shortcut,If you learn several expressions/words for each paragraph in each type of text that may be on your exam, you will certainly be able to create a very consistent essay with a perfect structure.
To start the essay: Introduction
It is often said that…
….is a hotly debated topic that often divides opinion.
….is a subject often discussed, but rarely resolved.
Many people feel that…
We live in a time when many of us...
More and more families/individuals choose to...
The trend today is for +ing
Over the past ten years or so...
Recent research indicates that the number of... is increasing.
Statistics indicate that—
Hardly a week goes by without another report of... in the media. This raises the question of whether …………..
While most people would generally agree that …………few
thematic phrases
First paragraph
…. clearly/undoubtedly has an impact on...
It is common knowledge that... plays a crucial role in...
It is certainly the case that…
There is no doubt that…
… is widely believed to contribute to…
It is generally considered that…
Recent research suggests that…
Studies have shown that... has an impact/influence on...
Few people would question/dispute the fact that...
Second paragraph
Another factor to consider is…
On the other hand/In contrast…
It is often claimed that...
All evidence suggests that...
expressing your opinion
The way I see it,
It seems to me that ………… I would also say that ….
I am convinced that ……………
I am inclined to believe this ………………
I have no doubt that ………………
One of the disadvantages of ……. It is ……….
However, one of the benefits is that…………
Change the subject
As for the causes of this, …………..
As for the causes of this, ………
As for the causes, ………..
present arguments
A justification often given for ……….. is that ………………..
Advocates/proponents would claim that ………………
Those who oppose ………….. often argue that ……………….
Another objection is that...
However, it should not be forgotten that …………..
……….. oppose …………. based on which …………..
From the point of view of ……………..
According to ………………..
Describing the causes
One factor that led to ………… is …………..
One of the factors that caused this is ………
The problem usually stems from ………………..
The situation was aggravated by …………….
………….. only made the situation worse.
A consequence of…………. It is …………….
Propose steps and measures
As for the most appropriate response to this situation, a suggestion would be ………
The first step to take would be...
To alleviate the situation, people should…………..
In addition, they must ……………
This can only be fixed if …………
To overcome this problem, …………..
If the government ………………, the situation would certainly improve.
People can do a lot to …………
The weight of responsibility is in the hands of ……..
It is vitally important that ………
Legislation should be introduced to control …………..
It would be a serious mistake if …………..
To conclude an essay: Conclusion
In view of the above,
Taking all of that into account,…
As far as I am concerned, / in my opinion, / as I see it, etc.
…is the most effective way to… due to the fact that…
While it... undoubtedly plays a role in... I strongly believe that... it is more effective due to the fact that... its advantages outweigh/outweigh its
In general, it seems to me that ………..
The obvious conclusion that can be drawn is that …………………..
All things considered! ………….
In balance! They tend to believe that …………
The world would certainly be a better place to live if …………..